Male Infertility

1. What is male infertility?

Male infertility is the inability of a man to cause pregnancy in a fertile female, usually due to problems in sperm production, function, or delivery.

  • Low sperm count

  • Poor sperm motility (movement)

  • Abnormal sperm shape (morphology)

  • Hormonal imbalances (low testosterone)

  • Blockages in sperm transport

  • Varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum)

  • Infections (STDs, mumps, prostatitis)

  • Lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, drugs, obesity)

  • Inability to conceive after 1 year of unprotected intercourse

  • Low sexual drive (libido)

  • Erectile dysfunction

  • Pain, swelling, or lump in testicles

  • Decreased facial or body hair (hormonal problem)

  • Smoking and alcohol use

  • Drug abuse (anabolic steroids, marijuana, cocaine)

  • Exposure to radiation or toxins

  • High stress and lack of sleep

  • Tight clothing and overheating of testicles

Healthy lifestyle improves sperm quality. Balanced diet, regular exercise, stress management, and avoiding toxins significantly reduce infertility risks.